In the Boston Model of Group Development, which stage is defined by regulation by the counselor, expressions of concern, heavy dependence on the counselor, hesitant disclosure, and clarification of purpose?

• A. Power and Control Stage
• B. Preaffiliation Stage
• C. Intimacy Stage
• D. Differentiation Stage

Answer: (B)

The main idea being tested is how new group members orient themselves to the group by seeking structure, safety, and clarity from the facilitator. In the Boston Model, the Preaffiliation stage is when participants look to the counselor for direction, express concerns about what the group is for, and show heavy dependence on the leader as they hesitant to disclose personal information. The counselor’s regulation and clear articulation of purpose are what help members feel safe enough to participate, test the group, and decide whether to engage further. This stage is all about establishing boundaries, roles, and goals before members start to trust one another and share more openly. Later stages shift toward more peer-led interaction and greater independence, rather than heavy reliance on the facilitator.